1. Normalizing: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas cov hlau lossis cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau 30℃-50℃saum toj no lawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb Ac3 (rau hypoeutectoid steel) lossis Accm (rau hypereutectoid steel), tuav ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub sijhawm tsim nyog, thiab tom qab ntawd txias txias hauv huab cua dawb.
Microstructure tom qab normalizing: Hypoeutectoid steel yog F + S, eutectoid steel yog S, thiab hypereutectoid steel yog S + Fe3CⅡ. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm normalizing thiab tag nrho cov annealing yog qhov ceev ceev ceev; Lub hom phiaj yog kom normalize cov hlau microstructure, tseem hu ua normalizing kev kho mob.
2. Annealing: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas cov khoom ua haujlwm hypoeutectoid steel yog rhuab mus rau 20-40 degrees Celsius saum AC3, tuav ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias hauv lub cub tawg (los yog faus rau hauv xuab zeb lossis txiv qaub kom txias) kom qis dua 500 degrees Celsius ua ntej cua txias.
3. Kev kho cua sov: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau qhov siab -kub ib leeg- theem cheeb tsam thiab tuav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kom tso cai rau cov theem siab dhau mus rau hauv cov kua dej, ua raws li cov cua txias kom tau txais cov tshuaj supersaturated.
4. Kev laus: Qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom ntawm ib tug alloy hloov lub sij hawm tom qab kev kho cua sov los yog txias yas deformation, thaum muab tso rau ntawm chav tsev kub los yog tuav nyob rau hauv me ntsis saum toj no chav tsev kub.
5. Kev Kho Kev Kho Mob: Cov txheej txheem no ua kom tiav ntau theem hauv cov hlau, ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom siv, txhim kho toughness thiab corrosion kuj, tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab softens cov khoom, pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntxiv thiab shaping.
6. Kev laus kev kho mob: cua sov thiab tuav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias qhov chaw ntxiv dag zog rau cov theem precipitate ua rau lawv precipitate, hardening cov khoom thiab nce lub zog.
7. Quenching: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas cov hlau yog austenitized thiab tom qab ntawd txias ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog, ua rau martensitic los yog lwm yam tsis ruaj tsis khov microstructural transformation nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig- seem ntawm lub workpiece.
8. Tempering: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas lub tshuab ua haujlwm quenched yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias hauv qab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb AC1, tuav rau ib lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab ntawd txias siv txoj kev tsim nyog kom tau txais qhov xav tau microstructure thiab cov khoom.
9. Carbonitriding ntawm hlau: Carbonitriding yog cov txheej txheem ntawm ib txhij qhia cov pa roj carbon thiab nitrogen rau hauv txheej txheej hlau. Nws kuj yog feem ntau hu ua cyanidation, nrog nruab nrab-kub roj carbonitriding thiab qis-kub roj carbonitriding (piv txwv li, roj mos nitriding) yog txoj kev siv dav tshaj plaws. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab -kub roj carbonitriding yog los txhim kho lub hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab qaug zog lub zog ntawm cov hlau. Tsawg-kub roj carbonitriding, feem ntau nitriding, lub hom phiaj los txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam thiab tiv thaiv{10}}galling zog ntawm hlau.
10. Quenching thiab Tempering: Quenching thiab tempering yog txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas ua ke nrog quenching nrog siab -kub tempering. Nws yog dav siv rau ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txuas rods, bolts, gears, thiab shafts ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv alternating loads. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering, ib tug tempered sorbite qauv yog tau, uas nws txhua yam khoom yog superior rau normalized sorbite ntawm tib hardness. Nws hardness nyob ntawm qhov siab -kub tempering kub thiab muaj feem xyuam rau tempering stability ntawm steel thiab tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional qhov ntev ntawm lub workpiece, feem ntau ntawm HB200-350.
11. Brazing: Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov uas siv cov khoom siv hlau brazing los khi ob lub workpieces ua ke.
